Abstract:
We present the study of mesospheric winds in the 78–98 km height range using observations by a partial
reflection radar station (MF–radar) situated at Kolhapur (16.8° N, 74.2° E), India. The sequential wind profiles over the
period of 2014–2019 obtained from this radar operated at 1.98 MHz are used for this study. To delineate the behaviour
of the winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region, we use wind data providing horizontal wind
velocities averaged for an hour. Details of the seasonal, annual, and inter-annual variations and also the climatology of
mean motion in zonal (East-West) and meridional (North-South) components in the MLT region over the
aforementioned period are presented. The zonal wind below 90 km has been observed with eastward flow for the period
of solstices and westward flow at equinoxes, showing strong semi-annual oscillations (SAO). While above 90 km,
annual oscillations (AO) are seen to be dominant. Annual oscillations (AO) are observed in the mean meridional wind,
with poleward motion during winter and equatorward motion during the remaining seasons. At higher altitudes (above
92 km), the poleward motion weakens and the equatorward wind flow becomes strong.
